以下内容是2012年9月2日至10月7日一个多月的周刊内容,可惜与妇产科相关的不多。另外,JAMA现在又不能免费提供所有原文了,受费用限制,以后不再提供JAMA的随笔和奇怪的诗歌了。
产科与生殖
BMJ综述:种植前遗传检查[1]。
BMJ一项英国的回顾性研究发现,接受门诊阴道镜检查后的早产率为9.0%,而研究人群的总体早产率为6.7%[2]。英国这项研究的早产数据要比其他研究小不少。
低血糖指数饮食(low glycaemic index diet)预防巨大儿的RCT:这种从孕早期开始的饮食指导并不能减少LGA的风险,但对于孕期母亲体重增加和糖耐量有积极效果[3]。
妊娠的免疫学基础研究:诱导妊娠的耐受[4]。
普通妇科
Lancet病例报道:内异症造成的阑尾肠套叠[5]。
妇科肿瘤
NICE指南:预防和治疗癌症患者中性粒细胞减少引起的败血症[6]。
Rochester大学一项关于治疗化疗后迟发恶心的研究:化疗后第2和第3天应用地塞米松可预防迟发恶心;palonosetron(帕洛诺司琼)和granisetron(格拉司琼)的效果相同;加用aprepitant(阿瑞吡坦)和加用氯丙嗪的效果相同[7]。
JCO“肿瘤的艺术”:如果我为你画一支玫瑰,你能否保证不再哭泣?——有关如何回答预后的散文[8];就差20美元[9]。
其他
BMJ的分析文章:针对中国医生的暴力[10]。此文特别向读者解释了什么是“Yi Nao”。随着国家的软硬实力的强大,“Yi Nao”正式成为了英文语言专有名词啦!
回顾性队列研究:尼泊尔医学毕业生背景及特点与毕业后分配倾向的关系[11]。有兴趣的可以一看
NEJM的有关重症患者低血糖与死亡率的关系:这项涉及6026例患者的研究发现,对于重症患者,严格的血糖控制导致的中至重度低血糖将增加患者死亡的风险[12]。
纪念NEJM创刊200周年文章:治疗学的进展和理性医学的挑战[13]。
一项NIH的回顾性队列研究发现,我国云南宣威地区家庭使用的煤炭显著增加居民肺癌发生的风险,是最强的致病因素[14]。
欧洲非心脏手术术后7天内死亡率的队列研究:4%的患者在出院前死亡;8%的患者在术后1.2天进入重症监护病房[15]。
JAMA的患者教育页:西尼罗河病毒[16];抗生素治疗感染性心内膜炎[17];慢性阻塞性肺疾病[18];减肥手术[19];肺动脉高压[20]。
JAMA的随笔:引人深思(food for thought)[21];焦虑[22];缺少数据[23];分裂的世界[24];通向全体之路[25]。
JAMA的诗歌:患者看到了他的CT[26];冥思园[27];使者[28];早晨的邮件[29];未受伤的老兵和麻醉学家[30]。
BMJ发表了两篇系统性综述和荟萃分析,分别说明室内日光浴可以增加皮肤黑色素瘤[31]及非黑色素皮肤癌(基地和鳞状细胞癌)[32]的风险。——按,看来室内室外的日光浴都需小心啊。
综述:肠易激惹综合征[33];戊型肝炎[34]。
研究方法及统计学文章:
l 样本量估计[35]。
l 观察性研究设计[36]。
l 有生物标记物的二期临床研究设计[37]。
l 如何用一篇文章报道多种治疗比较的荟萃分析[38]。
l 临床研究中的缺失数据[39]。
l 临床研究中数据丢失的预防和处理[40]。
l 数据缺失[41]。
l 风险和风险比例[42]。
l 结局测量的标准化(z值)[43]。
l 比例配额抽样法(proportional quota sampling)[44]。
l 常规分布[45]。
临床实践:
l 心肺复苏[46]。
l 写给新手的临床实践:病房急症患者的早期处理[47]。
l 治疗2型糖尿病的新型胰岛素[48]。
l 早产儿的皮疹:严重的HSV感染[49]。
l 坏死性筋膜炎[50]。
BMJ关于肥胖和环境因素的讨论:认为有关[51]和认为无关[52]的文章。
RCT预先分析(prespecified analysis)的研究:氨甲环酸对于创伤性出血效果显著,应及时应用[53]。
更换外周静脉插管的RCT:与常规更换相比,按照临床需要再行更换并不增加静脉炎等不良反应的发生率[54]。
NEJM有关堕胎(流产)的讨论:堕胎治疗中注意道德问题[55]。
引用文献
[1] Brezina PR, Brezina DS, Kearns WG. Preimplantation genetic testing. BMJ. 2012;345:e5908.
[2] Castanon A, Brocklehurst P, Evans H, et al. Risk of preterm birth after treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among women attending colposcopy in England: retrospective-prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2012;345:e5174.
[3] Walsh JM, McGowan CA, Mahony R, et al. Low glycaemic index diet in pregnancy to prevent macrosomia (ROLO study): randomised control trial. BMJ. 2012;345:e5605.
[4] Williams Z. Inducing tolerance to pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(12):1159-61.
[5] Mehmood S, Phair A, Sahely S, et al. Appendiceal intussusception caused by endometriosis. Lancet. 2012;380(9848):1202.
[6] Phillips R, Hancock B, Graham J, et al. Prevention and management of neutropenic sepsis in patients with cancer: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ. 2012;345:e5368.
[7] Roscoe JA, Heckler CE, Morrow GR, et al. Prevention of delayed nausea: a university of Rochester cancer center community clinical oncology program study of patients receiving chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(27):3389-95.
[8] Gilligan T. If I Paint a Rosy Picture, Will You Promise Not to Cry? J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(27):3421-3423.
[9] Markham MJ. The inadequacy of 20 dollars. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(28):3558-9.
[10] Hesketh T, Wu D, Mao L, et al. Violence against doctors in China. BMJ. 2012;345:e5730.
[11] Zimmerman M, Shakya R, Pokhrel BM, et al. Medical students' characteristics as predictors of career practice location: retrospective cohort study tracking graduates of Nepal's first medical college. BMJ. 2012;345:e4826.
[12] Finfer S, Liu B, Chittock DR, et al. Hypoglycemia and risk of death in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(12):1108-18.
[13] Greene JA, Jones DS, Podolsky SH. Therapeutic evolution and the challenge of rational medicine. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(12):1077-82.
[14] Barone-Adesi F, Chapman RS, Silverman DT, et al. Risk of lung cancer associated with domestic use of coal in Xuanwei, China: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2012;345:e5414.
[15] Pearse RM, Moreno RP, Bauer P, et al. Mortality after surgery in Europe: a 7 day cohort study. Lancet. 2012;380(9847):1059-1065.
[16] Goodman DM, Livingston EH. JAMA patient page. West Nile virus. JAMA. 2012;308(10):1052.
[17] Punnoose AR, Lynm C, Golub RM. JAMA patient page. Antibiotics to prevent infective endocarditis. JAMA. 2012;308(9):935.
[18] Torpy JM, Goodman DM, Burke AE, et al. JAMA patient page. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. JAMA. 2012;308(12):1281.
[19] Torpy JM, Lynm C, Livingston EH. JAMA patient page. Bariatric surgery. JAMA. 2012;308(11):1173.
[20] Zeller JL, Goodman DM, Lynm C, et al. JAMA patient page. Pulmonary hypertension. JAMA. 2012;308(13):1390.
[21] Cheng JK. A piece of my mind. Food for thought. JAMA. 2012;308(11):1101-2.
[22] Feld ED. A piece of my mind. Worries. JAMA. 2012;308(9):873-4.
[23] Maher J. A piece of my mind. Lack of data. JAMA. 2012;308(13):1331-2.
[24] Waxman DA. A piece of my mind. Worlds apart. JAMA. 2012;308(12):1219-20.
[25] Milstein JM, Kovar LB, Kovar LJ, et al. Piece of my mind. A path to wholeness. JAMA. 2012;308(10):985-6.
[26] Field J. A Patient Sees His CT Scan. JAMA. 2012;308(10):956.
[27] Harvey ST. The Meditation Garden. JAMA. 2012;308(11):1072.
[28] McMahon T. Envoi. JAMA. 2012;308(9):845.
[29] McMahon T. The Morning Post. JAMA. 2012;308(12):1189.
[30] Shafer A. The Unscathed Veteran and the Anesthesiologist. JAMA. 2012;308(13):1301.
[31] Boniol M, Autier P, Boyle P, et al. Cutaneous melanoma attributable to sunbed use: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2012;345:e4757.
[32] Wehner MR, Shive ML, Chren MM, et al. Indoor tanning and non-melanoma skin cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2012;345:e5909.
[33] Ford AC, Talley NJ. Irritable bowel syndrome. BMJ. 2012;345:e5836.
[34] Hoofnagle JH, Nelson KE, Purcell RH. Hepatitis E. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(13):1237-1244.
[35] Norman G, Monteiro S, Salama S. Sample size calculations: should the emperor's clothes be off the peg or made to measure? BMJ. 2012;345:e5278.
[36] Sedgwick P. Observational study design. BMJ. 2012;345:e5856.
[37] Freidlin B, McShane LM, Polley MY, et al. Randomized Phase II Trial Designs With Biomarkers. J Clin Oncol. 2012.
[38] Mills EJ, Ioannidis JP, Thorlund K, et al. How to use an article reporting a multiple treatment comparison meta-analysis. JAMA. 2012;308(12):1246-53.
[39] Ibrahim JG, Chu H, Chen MH. Missing Data in Clinical Studies: Issues and Methods. J Clin Oncol. 2012.
[40] Little RJ, D'Agostino R, Cohen ML, et al. The prevention and treatment of missing data in clinical trials. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(14):1355-60.
[41] Ware JH, Harrington D, Hunter DJ, et al. Missing Data. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(14):1353-1354.
[42] Sedgwick P. Hazards and hazard ratios. BMJ. 2012;345:e5980.
[43] Sedgwick P. Standardisation of outcome measures (z scores). BMJ. 2012;345:e6178.
[44] Sedgwick P. Proportional quota sampling. BMJ. 2012;345:e6336.
[45] Sedgwick P. The normal distribution. BMJ. 2012;345:e6533.
[46] Nolan JP, Soar J, Perkins GD. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. BMJ. 2012;345:e6122.
[47] Frost PJ, Wise MP. Early management of acutely ill ward patients. BMJ. 2012;345:e5677.
[48] Gale EA. Newer insulins in type 2 diabetes. BMJ. 2012;345:e4611.
[49] Mir N, Satish H. Skin rash in a preterm infant. BMJ. 2012;345:e5390.
[50] Sultan HY, Boyle AA, Sheppard N. Necrotising fasciitis. BMJ. 2012;345:e4274.
[51] Wilding J. Are the causes of obesity primarily environmental? Yes. BMJ. 2012;345:e5843.
[52] Frayling TM. Are the causes of obesity primarily environmental? No. BMJ. 2012;345:e5844.
[53] Roberts I, Perel P, Prieto-Merino D, et al. Effect of tranexamic acid on mortality in patients with traumatic bleeding: prespecified analysis of data from randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2012;345:e5839.
[54] Rickard CM, Webster J, Wallis MC, et al. Routine versus clinically indicated replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters: a randomised controlled equivalence trial. Lancet. 2012;380(9847):1066-1074.
[55] Harris LH. Recognizing conscience in abortion provision. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(11):981-3.