Daxing Campus of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) is one of the four campuses of PUMCH, located at No. 73 Jinrong Street, Yufa Town, Daxing District, Beijing. Covering a land area of 13,320.1 square meters and a floor area of 34,552.12 square meters, it serves as the primary core research site for the State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, featuring a core experimental area exceeding 15,000 square meters.

The State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases is a national-level research platform jointly established by Peking Union Medical College Hospital in collaboration with Tsinghua University and the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. As a pivotal research base in China for complex, severe and rare diseases, the State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases is committed to making breakthroughs in key diagnostic and therapeutic technologies to enhance China's overall research capabilities and clinical practice standards in this field.

Approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology in March 2023, the State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases adopts an innovative "dual-core" structure, combining its main base at Peking Union Medical College Hospital Daxing Campus with the National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine at Dongdan Campus to form a complementary research network. The laboratory is equipped with seven specialized research platforms including the Biobank Platform, Laboratory Animal Research Platform, Stem Cell Platform, Cellular Organization and Biomedical Platform, Core Facility for Biomarker Discovery and Validation, Biotechnology Information Platform, and Precision Medicine Technology Platform, providing comprehensive support for advanced medical research. Implementing an innovative director-responsibility management model, the State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases brings together leading scientists from the three founding institutions to form a core research team focusing on disease mechanism studies, diagnostic technology development, innovative treatment approaches, and prognostic system establishment to advance research on complex, severe and rare diseases. This national research platform aims to overcome key technological bottlenecks in diagnosis and treatment, cultivate interdisciplinary medical innovation talents, and establish itself as an internationally influential strategic force in medical science and technology to support the Healthy China initiative.

As the lead institution of the State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital plays a central leadership role in its construction and operation. For infrastructure development, the laboratory's main site at Daxing Campus provides complete research facilities and logistical support systems, with special funding allocated from the Central Government's High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Special Fund to purchase 821 sets of small instruments and equipment. In talent development, Peking Union Medical College Hospital recruits outstanding researchers through various channels including social recruitment and campus recruitment based on the laboratory's development needs and PI team construction plans. Currently, the State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases has established a sophisticated equipment sharing system, with 46 sets of large instruments valued over RMB 500,000 each made available for intra-institutional sharing and connected to the National Network Management Platform for Major Research Infrastructure and Large Research Instruments to enable efficient utilization and external sharing of research resources. These initiatives fully demonstrate Peking Union Medical College Hospital's responsibility as a national leader in medical science and technology innovation, laying a solid foundation for building the State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases into a world-class medical research platform.